PJM Demand Response (2026/2027): Capacity prices hit record $329.17/MW-day — an 833% increase from 2024/2025. Commercial facilities earn $120,147+ per MW annually through the Emergency Load Response Program. Economic DR participation is voluntary with zero penalties.

$ Record Revenue Opportunity833% Price Increase

PJM Demand Response Programs:
Turn Grid Challenges Into Financial Opportunity

PJM capacity prices surged to a record $329.17/MW-day for 2026/2027 — securing only 139 MW above the reliability requirement. Commercial facilities now earn $120,147+ per MW annually just for being available to reduce load.

$120K+
Per MW/Year
2026/2027 capacity payments
833%
Price Increase
From $28.92 to $329.17/MW-day
100%
Revenue to You
Flat-fee CSP models available
Calculate My Revenue →
PJM RPM

Capacity Auction History

PJM's Reliability Pricing Model (RPM) determines how much the grid pays for demand-side resources. Record retirements, data center growth, and the ELCC framework have driven prices to historic highs.

Delivery YearPrice (MW-day)Annual Revenue (MW)
2024/2025$28.92$10,555
2025/2026$269.92$98,520
2026/2027$329.17$120,147

Source: PJM Base Residual Auction results. 2026/2027 price hit the FERC-approved administrative ceiling.

MFG

Plant Retirements

Aging fossil-fuel generation retirements are outpacing new capacity integration, contracting supply.

🖥️

Data Center Growth

Forecasted peak demand surging from data centers, EV charging, and building electrification.

📐

ELCC Framework

Effective Load Carrying Capability now conservatively values intermittent and limited-duration resources.

Emergency vs. Economic DR

Understanding this distinction is essential. The $120K+ revenue comes from Emergency/Capacity programs, while the "zero penalty" claim applies only to Economic DR. Know exactly what you're signing up for.

Economic DRVoluntary

Day-Ahead & Real-Time Energy Markets

  • 100% voluntary — curtail only when the LMP price makes it profitable
  • $0 penalties — if you don't respond, you simply forfeit that hour's payment
  • Paid at LMP when you respond (often $100-500+/MWh during events)
  • No capacity payments — revenue is event-based only
Typical Annual Revenue
$5K - $30K/MW
Depends on event frequency and LMP spikes
★ HIGH REVENUE
Emergency ELRPCapacity Market

Reliability Pricing Model (RPM)

  • Guaranteed payments — $329.17/MW-day regardless of events called
  • $120,147/MW/year for the 2026/2027 delivery year
  • Performance obligation during Performance Assessment Intervals (PAIs)
  • ~$2,013/MW/hr penalty for non-performance during PAI events
2026/2027 Annual Revenue
$120,147/MW
Plus energy payments when dispatched
💡

The "Zero Penalty" Nuance

Claims of "$0 penalty" typically refer to Economic DR — which is indeed voluntary. The high-revenue figures ($50K-$150K/MW) come from Emergency/Capacity programs that carry performance obligations. Many providers achieve "zero risk" by registering only a conservative, guaranteed portion of your total curtailable load.

How to Keep 100% of Your Revenue

PJM requires a Curtailment Service Provider (CSP) for market participation. The top 4 CSPs control 85.6% of committed DR capacity (HHI: 2,295). But new models are breaking the traditional 30-50% revenue share.

TRADITIONAL

Revenue Share CSP

CSP handles everything in exchange for 30-50% of all PJM payments. Your $120K becomes $60-$84K.

50-70%
You keep this much
RECOMMENDED
MODERN

Flat-Fee / SaaS CSP

CSP provides gateway hardware & software for a fixed monthly fee. All PJM payments pass through to you.

100%
You keep all PJM payments
ADVANCED

Direct PJM Membership

Register as your own CSP. Full control, but you handle compliance, training (PJM LMS), and settlements.

100%
Maximum control + complexity
Pennsylvania Zones

Revenue by Delivery Year

Utility Zone2024/20252025/20262026/2027
PPL Electric Utilities$18,063$98,520$120,147
Met-Ed (FirstEnergy)$18,063$98,520$120,147
Penelec (FirstEnergy)$18,063$98,520$120,147
PECO Energy$20,056$98,520$120,147

Annual revenue per MW of ELRP capacity. A facility with 2 MW curtailable load in PPL earns ~$240,294/yr for 2026/2027.

Who Qualifies & How to Reduce Load

Your "Nominated DR Value" is calculated as Peak Load Contribution (PLC) minus Firm Service Level (FSL). Any reliable, repeatable curtailment strategy qualifies.

01
❄️

HVAC Adjustments

Cycle compressors or adjust temperature setpoints momentarily. Building automation systems can make this invisible to occupants.

Typical range: 100 kW - 2 MW
02
MFG

Industrial Process Timing

Shift energy-intensive manufacturing cycles or dial back large pumps. Avoid peak hours for non-critical production runs.

Typical range: 500 kW - 10 MW
03
💡

Lighting & Building Automation

Dim non-essential lighting via BAS integration. Modern LED systems can reduce draw by 30-60% without noticeable impact.

Typical range: 50 kW - 500 kW
04
🔋

On-Site Generation & Storage

Use backup generators or battery storage to peak-shave — reducing grid draw without impacting internal operations.

Typical range: 200 kW - 20+ MW

2026-2028 Market Outlook

FERC Order 2222, new co-location rules, and the Synchronized Reserve Market create additional revenue streams for prepared facilities.

FERC 2222Implementation delayed to Feb 2028

DER Aggregation Rules

FERC Order 2222 removes barriers for distributed energy resource aggregations in wholesale markets. PJM requested an extension to coordinate across 12+ state commissions and hundreds of EDCs.

Existing CSP-based ELRP models remain dominant through 2027
2-year window to invest in smart inverters and site controllers
BONUS REVENUE

Synchronized Reserve Market

Facilities that can reduce load within 10 minutes earn supplemental revenue. SRM revenue increased 76.7% in 2024, reaching $11M across PJM.

kW10-20 events/year, most under 10 minutes
kWPaid for availability, even if not triggered
kWStackable with ELRP capacity payments

Your 4-Step Path to Participation

1

Audit Historical Interval Data

Understand your facility's PLC and identify flexible load patterns.

2

Identify Flexible Load

HVAC, industrial processes, lighting — what can you adjust without impacting safety?

3

Evaluate CSP Models

Compare revenue-share vs flat-fee providers to maximize profit retention.

4

Ensure Metering Compliance

Verify meters meet ANSI standards for PJM wholesale market participation.

Calculate Your ELRP Revenue

Enter your curtailable load to see projected capacity payments at $329.17/MW-day

Get Your Free Rate Analysis

Tell us where you operate and we'll benchmark your rates against the market.

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The 2026/2027 Delivery Year Is Locked In

$329.17/MW-day is already cleared. The question is whether your facility captures its share of $120,147/MW in annual capacity payments.

Most commercial facilities have 10-30% flexible load they don't realize — that's $12K-$36K per MW in revenue left uncollected every year.

Get Your Free Load Assessment →

No obligation. We analyze your interval data and show you exactly what you qualify for.